There is an extensive list of research linking Irlen Syndrome / SSS to difficulties in the areas of Reading, Learning, Concentration and Behaviour. The following research also highlights Irlen Syndrome's /SSS's links to Headaches, Migraines, Eye Strain, Fatigue and Depth Perception Difficulties.
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Adler, L., & Attwood, M. (1987). Poor Readers: what do they really see on the page? A study of a major cause of dyslexia. Los Angeles CA: Los Angeles County Office of Education.
Allen, P., Dedi, S., Kumar, D., Patel, T., Aloo, M., & Wilkins, A. (2012). Accommodation, pattern glare, and coloured overlays. Perception, volume 41, pages 0000 – 0000. http://www.essex.ac.uk/psychology/overlays/2012-211.pdf
Allen, P., Evans, B., & Wilkins, A. (2012). The uses of colour in optometric practice to ameliorate symptoms of visual stress. Optometry in Practice 2012 Volume 13 Issue 1, pp. 1 – 8.
Allen, P.M. Gilchrist, J.M. ; Hollis, J. (2008). Use of visual search in the assessment of pattern-related visual stress (PRVS) and its alleviation by coloured filters. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 49(9), Pages 4210-4218.
Allen, P.M., Hussain, A., Usherwood, C., & Wilkins, A.J. (2010). Pattern-related visual stress, chromaticity, and accommodation. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 51(12), Pages 6843-6849.
Anstice, J. (2000). Eye movements: Their importance for reading and some of the factors that disrupt them. Paper presented to the 6th Irlen International Conference, Australia, 5-8 July.
American Music Teacher (1996, June/July) Dyslexia or Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome? The Official Journal of Music Teachers National Association. 16-17.
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Barbolini, G., Caffo, E., Robinson, G.L., & Wright, A. (1998). Light sensitivity and some pervasive developmental disorders: autistic disorder, Asperger’s disorder. Modena International Conference on Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders. Univer. Of Modena, Italy, 26-27 March.
Barbolini, G., Lazzerini, A., Pini, L.A., Steiner, F., Del Vecchio, G., Migaldi, M., Cavalllini, G.M. (2009).Malfunctioning cones and remedial tinted filters. Ophta, 2/209, 101-105.
Barbolini, G., Migaldi, M., Wright, A., & Irlen, H. (1996). A biological and medical approach to remedial chromotherapy. Irlen Institute, Fourth International Directors/Screeners Conference, June 27-30, New Orleans, LA.
Barbolini, G., Wright, A., Migaldi. M., & Irlen, H. (1996). A biological approach to remedial chromotherapy. Published in the form of a booklet. Available from: Irlen Centre East, 4 Park Farm Business Centre, Fornham St. Genevieve Bury St. Edmunds Suffolk IP28 6TS, UK.
Beasley, I.G., & Davies, L.N. (2013). Visual stress symptoms secondary to stroke alleviated with spectral filters and precision tinted ophthalmic lenses: a case report. Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 96(1), 117–120.
Beasley, I.G., & Davies, L.N. (2012). Susceptibility to pattern glare following stroke. Journal of Neurology, 259(9), 1832-9.
Black, H. (1999). Emily’s violet-coloured glasses. Woman’s World, Oct. 19, 1999, 43.
Blakeslee, Sandra. (1991, September 15). Study Ties Dyslexia to Brain Flaw Affecting Vision and Other Senses. The New York Times.
Blaskey, P., Sheiman, M., Parisi, M., Ciner, E.B., Gallaway, M., & Selznick, R. (1990). The Effectiveness of Irlen Filters for improved reading performance: A pilot study. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 23, 604-612.
Borsting, E., Chase, C., Tosha, C., & Ridder, W.H. (2008) Longitudinal Study of Visual Discomfort Symptoms in College Students. Optometry and Vision Science, 85(10), Pages 992-998.
Borsting, E., Ridder, W.H., Dudeck, K., Kelley, C., Matsuir, L., & Motoyama, J. (1996). The presence of a magnocellular defect depends on the type of dyslexia. Vision Research, 36, 1047-1053.
Bouldoukian, J., Wilkins, A.J., & Evans, Bruce J.W. (2002). Randomised controlled trial of the effect of coloured overlays on the rate of reading of people with specific learning difficulties. Ophthalmological and Physiological Optics, 22, 55-60.
Bouma, H., & Legein, Ch.P. (1977). Foveal and parfoveal recognition of letters and words by dyslexics and by average readers. Neuropsycholgica, 15, 69-80.
Bouma, H., & Legein, Ch.P. (1980). Dyslexia: A specific recoding deficit? An analysis of response latencies for letters and words in dyslexics and average readers. Neuropsychologica, 18, 285-298.
Boyle, C., & Jindal-Snape, D. (2012). Visual-perceptual difficulties and the impact on children’s learning: are teachers missing the page? Support for Learning, 27 (4), 166–171.
Brannan, J.R., & Williams, M.C. (1988). Developmental versus sensory deficit effects on perceptual processing in the reading disabled. Perception and Psychophysics, 44, 437-444.
Breitmeyer, B. (1980). Unmasking visual masking: a look at the “why” behind the veil of the “how”. Psychology Review, 87, 52-69.
Breitmeyer, B.G. (1989). A visually based deficit in specific reading disability. The Irish Journal of Psychology, 10, 534-541.
Breitmeyer, B.G. (1993). Sustained (P) and transient (M) channels in vision: a review and implications for reading. In D.M. Willows, R.S. Kruk, & E. Corcos (Eds.), Visual processes in reading and reading disabilities. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. 95-110.
Breitmeyer, B.F., & Breier, J.I. (1994). Effects of background colour on reaction time to stimuli varying in size and contrast: inferences about human M channels. Vision Research, 34, 1039-1045.
Breitmeyer, B.F., & Ogmen, H. (2000). Recent models and findings in visual backward masking: a comparison, review, and update. Perception & Psychophysics, 62(8) 1572-1595.
Breitmeyer, B.F., & Williams, M.C. (1990). Effects of isoluminant-background colour on metacontrast and stroboscopic motion: Interactions between sustained (P) and transient (M) channels. Vision Research, 30(7) 1069-7052
Bruck, M. (1990). Word-recognition skills of adults with childhood diagnoses of dyslexia. Developmental Psychology, 26. 430-454.
Bulmer, J. (1994). Sensory overload and general well being: Can adults be helped by using Irlen lenses? Unpublished honors thesis, Chester College of Higher Education, Chester, UK.
Burgess, J. (1990). Long term evaluation of the effect of Irlen tinted lenses on academic and related skills. Unpublished M.Ed. Thesis. University of Canberra, Belconnen A.C.T.
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Canino, F.J. (1981). Learned helplessness theory: Implications for research in learning disabilities. The Journal of Special Education, 15, 471-484.
Cardona, G., Borràs, R., Peris, E., & Castañé, M. (2010) A placebo-controlled trial of tinted lenses in adolescents with good and poor academic performance: reading accuracy and speed. Journal of Optometry, 3(2), Pages 94-101. http://www.journalofoptometry.org/en/a-placebo-controlled-trial-of-tinted/articulo/13152348/
Carlile, C. (1997). Scotopic sensitivity syndrome sheds new light on reading disability. Texas Reading Report, 19(4), 1-13.
Carmean, S., & Irlen, H.L. The relationship of Irlen reading filter hues and contrast sensitivity. Unpublished manuscript.
Casanova, C. (2003). The visual functions of the pulvinar. In Chalupa, L. and Werner, J., editors, The Visual Neurosciences, pages 592-680. The MIT Press.
Casanova, C., Savard, T., and Darveau, S. (1997). Contribution of area 17 to cell responses in the striaterecipient zone of the cat’s lateral posterior-pulvinar complex. European Journal of Neuroscience, 9(5):1026-1036.
Chan, L.K.S., & Robinson, G.L.W. (1989). The effects of comprehension monitoring instruction for reading disabled students with and without tinted lenses. Australian Journal of Special Education, 13, 4-13.
Chan, L.K.S., & Robinson, G.L.W. (1990). The effects of poor readers responsiveness to metacognition instruction in comprehension. Department of Education, University of Newcastle, Australia.
Chang, M., Kim,SH., Kim, JY., Cho, Y. (2014). Specific Visual Symptoms and Signs of Meares-Irlen Syndrome in Korean. Korean J Ophthalmol;28(2):159-163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3341/kjo.2014.28.2.159
Chase, C.H. (1996). A visual deficit model of developmental dyslexia. In C.H. Chase, G.D. Rose, & G.F. Sherman (eds.), Developmental dyslexia: neural, cognitive, and genetic mechanisms (pp. 127-156). Timonium, MD: York Press.
Chase, C., Dougherty, R., Ray, N.m, Fowler, S., & Stein, J. (2007). L/M Speed-Matching Ratio Predicts Reading in Children. Optometry and Vision Science, 84(3), pp. 229-236.
Chase, C.H., & Jenner, A. (1993). Magnocellular processing deficits affect temporal processing of dyslexics. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 682, 326-330.
Chase, C., Ashourzadeh, A., Kelly, C., Monfette, S., & Kinsey, K. (2003). Can the magnocullular pathway read? Evidence from studies of colour. Vision Research, 43, 1211-1222.
Chase, C., Tosha, C., Borsting, E., & Ridder, W.H. (2009). Visual Discomfort and Objective Measures of Static Accommodation. Optometry and Vision Science, 86(7), Pages 883-889.
Chelva, E., Collins, D.W.K., Levy, R.L., & McLaren, T.L. (1987). Preliminary electrophysical testing of subjects with prescribed Irlen tinted lenses. Dept. Biophysics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital. Paper presented at the Dyslexia Research Foundation Seminar, Perth, W.A.
Cheng, A., Eysel, U., & Vidyasagar, T. (2004). The role of the magnocellular pathway in serial deployment of visual attention. European Journal of Neuroscience, 20(8), 2188-2192.
Chouinard, B.D., Zhou, C.I., Hrybouski, S., Kim, E.S., Cummine, J. (2012). A functional neuroimaging case study of Meares-Irlen syndrome/visual stress (MISViS) Brain Topography, 25 (3), pp. 293-307.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10548-011-0212-z#page-1
Chronicle, E.P., & Wilkins, A.J. (1991) Colour and visual discomfort in migraineurs. The Lancet, 338, 890.
Clay, M.M., & Imlach, R.H. (1971). Juncture, pitch and stress as reading behaviour variables. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour, 10, 133-139.
Colson, D. (2000). Thanks to Woman’s World, my son can finally read. Woman’s World, March 14, 3.
Conlon, E. (2000). Visual Perceptual Problems in Reading: Their relationship to reading disability and neural processing. Paper presented to the 6th Irlen International Conference, Australia. 5-8 July.
Conlon, E.G. ; Sanders, M.A., & Wright, C.M. (2009). Relationships between global motion and global form processing, practice, cognitive and visual processing in adults with dyslexia or visual discomfort.Neuropsychologia, 47(3), 907-915.
Conlon, E. ; Sanders, M. (2011). The reading rate and comprehension of adults with impaired reading skills or visual discomfort. Journal of Research in Reading, 34(2), 193-214.
Cotton, M.M., & Evans, K.M. (1990). An evaluation of Irlen Lenses as a treatment for specific reading disorders. Australian Journal of Psychology, 42, 1-12.
Cotton, M.M., & Evans, K.M. (1994). Parents and children’s expectations about Irlen (tinted) lenses. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 78, 1387-1390.
Coutts, L. Cooper, C.E., Elwell, C.E., & Wilkins, A.J. (2012). Time course of the haemodynamic response to visual stimulation in migraine, measured using near-infrared spectroscopy. Cephalalgia32(8) 621–629.
Coyle, Barbara (1955). Use of filters to treat visual-perception problem creates adherents and skeptics. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 152(5) 749-750.
Crabtree, E. (2011). Educational implications of Meares-Irlen syndrome. British Journal of School Nursing, Vol. 6, Iss. 4, 13 May 2011, pp 182 – 187.
Creedon, M.P., & Reese, M. Attention and perceptual skills of students with autism using Irlen coloured filters. Unpublished manuscript. Hospital & Medical Center, Chicago.
Croyle, L., (1998). Rate of reading, visual processing, colour and contrast. Australian Journal of Learning Disabilities, 3, 13-21.
Croyle, M., & Solman R. (1996). Vision, reading and colour. Presentation to 20th Annual conference of Australian Association of Special Education.
Croyle, L., Elliott, R., & Dain, S. (1997). Reading, visual processing, colour and contrast. (Unpublished manuscript, University of New South Wales, Australia)
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Davis, M., & Dodds, S. (1986). New Hope for Dyslexics. New Texas, February/March 5.
Demb, J.M., Boynton, G.M., Best, M., & Heeger, D.J. (1998). Psychophysical evidence for magnocellular pathway deficit in dyslexia. Vision Research, 28, 1555-1559.
Demb, J.M., Boynton, G.M., & Heeger, D.J. (1998). Functional magnetic resonance imaging of early visual pathways in dyslexia. Journal of Neuroscience, 18, 6939-6951.
Di Lollo, V., Hanson, D., & McIntyre, J.S. (1983). Initial stages of visual information processing in dyslexia. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 9, 923-925.
Drew, S.A., Borsting, E., Stark, L.R., & Chase, C. (2012). Chromatic Aberration, Accommodation, and Colour Preference in Asthenopia Optometry and Vision Science, 89(7), E1059-E1067.
Dusek, W., Pierscionek, B.K., & McClelland, J.F. (2010.) A survey of visual function in an Austrian population of school-age children with reading and writing difficulties. BMC Ophthalmology, 10(1), 16.
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Eames, T.H. (1957). The relationship of the central visual field to the speed of visual perception. American Journal of Opthalmology, 43, 279-280.
Eden, G.F., VanMeter, J.W., Rumsey, J.M., Maisog, J.M., Woods, R.P., & Zeffiro, T.A. (1996). Abnormal processing of visual motion in dyslexia revealed by functional brain imaging. Nature, 382, 66-69.
Edwards, V.T., Hogben, J.H., Clark, C.D., & Pratt, C. (1996). Effects of a red background on magnocullular functioning in average and specifically disabled readers. Vision Research, 36(7) 1037-1045.
Ekenna-Kalu, C., Fatolitis, P., Momen, N., Haseltine, C., Temme, L., Krouse., S. (2006). Meares-Irlen Syndrome Innovation Study: Assessment of the potential for coloured overlays to enhance the reading skills of listed recruits (Navy). Report by the Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory (NAMRL), July, 2006.
Evans, B. (1994). The relationship between optometric problems, visual discomfort and reading difficulties. Optician, 5436(207), 18-22.
Evans, B.J., Cook, A., Richards, I.L., & Drasdo, N. (1994). Effect of pattern glare and colour overlays on a simulated reading task in dyslexics and normal readers. Optometry and Vision Science, 71, 619-628.
Evans, Bruce J.W., & Joseph, Florence (2002). The effect of coloured filters on the rate of reading in an adults student population. Ophthalmological and Physiological Optics, 22, 535-545.
Evans, B.J.W., Patel, R., Wilkins, A.J., Lightstone, A., Eperjesi, F., Speedwell, L., & Duffy, J. (1999). A review of the management of 323 consecutive patients seen in a specific learning disabilities clinic. Ophthalmological and Physiological Optics, 19(6), 454-466.
Evans, B.J.W., & Stevenson, S.J. (2008) The Pattern Glare Test: A review and determination of normative values. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, 28 (4), pp. 295-309.
Evans, B. J. W., Wilkins, A. J., Brown, J., Busby, A., Wingfield, A., Jeanes, R., & Bald, J. (1996). A preliminary investigation into the aetiology of Meares-Irlen syndrome. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, 16(4), 286-296.
Evans, B. J. W., Wilkins, A. J., Busby, A., & Jeanes, R. (1996). Optometric characteristics of children with reading difficulties who report a benefit from coloured filters. In C. M. Dickinson, I. J., Murray, & D. Garden (Eds.), John Dalton’s colour legacy (pp. 709-715). London : Taylor and Francis.
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Faraci, M.E. (2009). Does the Irlen Method Bring about an Increase in Reading Scores on a Specific Test of Reading for Students Found to Have Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome? Doctoral Dissertation. ProQuest LLC, Ed.D. Dissertation, Alliant International University, San Diego.
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Fletcher, J., & Martinez, G. (1994). An eye movement analysis of the effects of Scotopic sensitivity correction on parsing and comprehension. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 27, 67-70.
Floyd, R.A., Dain, S.J., Elliott, R.T. (2004). Is the perception of brightness different in poor readers? School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney. Australia. Vision Research, Jan: 44(2), 221-7.
Foorman, B.R., & Liberman, B.R. (1989). Visual and phonological processing of words: a comparison of good and poor readers. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 22, 349-355.
Franklin, A., & Sowden, P. (2011). Colour and autism spectrum disorders. In C.P. Biggam (Ed.) New direction in Colour Studies (pp. 281-292). Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins Publishing.
Fricker, S. (1989). Do Irlen coloured glasses improve stereopsis and reading ability in children who have reading difficulties caused by visual perceptual distortion when they look at black print on white paper, and does their colour vision differ from the normal population? Unpublished Diploma of Community Child Health Thesis, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
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Geaney, E., McGeady, M., McMahon, T., Mahon, D., & Mullaney, P. (1991). Eyes, filters and reading. A pilot study. Report compiled from a pilot project conducted at Royal Victoria Eye Hospital, Adelaide Road, Dublin 2 and at the Irlen Centre, Palmerstown, Dublin 20.
Geiger, G., & Lettvim, J. (1987). Peripheral vision in persons with dyslexia. The New England Journal of Medicine, 20, 1238-1243.
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Haag, S.R. (1984). The IDPS children’s form: a validity study. Unpublished Master of Science thesis, California State University, Long Beach.
Hailey, D., & Lea, A. (1992). Irlen Lenses and the Reading Disabled. The Bulletin for Learning Disabilities. 2. (1). Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Canberra. 40-48.
Hannell G., Gole, G.A., Dibden, S.M., Rooney, F., Pidgeon, K.J., & McGlinchey, N.D. (1989. Reading improvement with tinted lenses: A report of two cases. Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 72, 170-176.
Hazell, P, (2000). Still Going. Hyperactivity Enters its Second Century. Paper presented to the 6th Irlen International Conference, Australia 5-8 July, 2000
Hobbs, M. (1994). A study on the prevalence of vision problems and Irlen syndrome among students “At Risk”. Unpublished manuscript. Study conducted in New Zealand.
Hoeft, F., Meyler, A., Hernandez, A., & Juel, C. (2007) Functional and morphometric brain dissociation between dyslexia and reading ability. PNAS, March 6, 2007, 104(10), 4234-4239.
Holland, K.C., Tyrrell, R., & Wilkins, A. (1991). The effect of Irlen coloured lenses on saccadic eye movements and reading. Paper presented at the Coloured Spectacles and Reading Difficulties Seminar, London.
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International Publications
Hinweis: Ausbildung zum Irlen Screener/zur Irlen Screenerin: Nächster Termin: Freitag/Samstag 30./31. Januar 2015 in Dornach Schweiz Bei Interesse rasche Kontaktaufnahme erwünscht. Kurstage 1 und 2 (Theoretische Grundlagen und Praxis) Tag: Fallbesprechungen. Termin nach Vereinbarung
Hinweis auf Publikationen:
Steiner Fritz, HWS-Distorsion (Schleudertrauma)/Schädel-Hirn-Trauma und visuelle Wahrnehmungsstörungen, in Optometrie, Fachpublikation für Augenoptik, Offizielles Organ der Wissenschaftlichen Vereinigung für Augenoptik und Optometrie e. V. (WVAO), Mainz, 2011/2
Steiner Fritz, Irlen Methode, in Urwyler Markus (Hrsg.),Schleudertrauma, Gefangen im Schmerz oder Beginn eines neuen Lebens?, Verlag Metacentre, Paulusdruckerei Fribourg, 2011
Steiner Fritz, Autismus Spektrum Störung und visuelle Wahrnehmungsstörungen, Möglichkeiten der Irlen Methode in – “autismus contact” Fachdokumentation von und für Eltern und Fachleute, autismus deuschte schweiz, Zürich, überarbeitete Fassung, 2014
Viviane Perrenoud, Autisme et problématique visuelle, quel soutien dans les activités scolaires?, Memoire professionnel présenté à UER pédagogie spécialisée de la HEP VD pour l‘optention du certificat du Cycle d‘étude Avencées en „Déficits visuels, 2011
Susanne Hottiger-Müller, Farbige Gläser verändern die Welt: IRLEN-Syndrom und Selbstkonzept, Akademiker Verlag, 2014, ISBN: 978-3-639-46915-8 (erhältlich im Buchhandel)
Neu! AUTISMUS DEUTSCHE SCHWEIZ – “autismus contact” Fachdokumentation von und für Eltern und Fachleute, 2014, überarbeitete Fassung
Hanspeter Michel, Optometrist, IRLEN Syndrom – eine visuelle Wahrnehmungsstörung, in Optometrie, Fachpublikation für Augenoptik, Offizielles Organ der Wissenschaftlichen Vereinigung für Augenoptik und Optometrie e. V. (WVAO), Mainz, Optometrie 2/2014
Safra Doris, Der Struwwelpeter: Ein Reizüberflutungssyndrom, in Ophta, Schweizerische Fachzeitschrift für augenärztliche Medizin und Technologie, ophta • 3 / 2014
Hanspeter Michel, Optometrist, Eine visuelle Wahrnehmungsstörung, in Schweizer Optiker, Offizielles Organ des Schweizer Optikverbandes (SOV) und des Schweizerischen Berufsverbandes für Augenoptik und Optometrie, 9/2014, Luzern
KEY FACTS
Irlen Syndrome Affects:
- 12-14% of the general population
- 46% of individuals with reading and learning difficulties
- 33% with ADHD
- 33% with autism
- 55% with head injury, concussion or whiplash
LIBRARY OF RESOURCES
Irlen is supported by over 30 years of scientific research. Read the research now.
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